THE  LIBRARY 
OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


HISTOKY 


OF 


EUFAULA,  ALABAMA/ 


THK 


BLUFF  CITY 


OP  THE 


CHATTAHOOCHEE. 


iS75 By    T.    .^-    B.    BESS03:^ iSTB. 


FRAKKLIN  STEAM  PRINTING  HOUSE— JAS.  P.  HARRISON  &  CO.,  PRINTERS. 

1875. 


PREFACE. 


'his  little  volume  is  offered  to  the  public,  not  as  a 
work  of  literary  merit,  but  simply  as  a  true  and 
plain  statement  of  facts,  connected  with  the  origin, 
vicissitudes  and  developments  of  this  city,  of  which  it  is  a 
faithful  history.  And  as  showing  its  present  status  in  re- 
gard to  business,  social  advantages,  pleasant  surroundings, 
and  its  future  prospects. 

Hoping,  that  while  some  may  be  interested  with  the 
narrative,  others  may  be  induced  to  cast  their  lot^ith  us : 
and,  like  the  aborigines,  who,  when  they  came  to  this 
State,  and  saw  for  themselves  its  real  loveliness  and  beauty, 
exclaimed:   "Alabama!  Here  we  rest." 

AUTHOR. 
Eufaula,  Sept.  1,  1875. 


PART    FIRST. 

/l«^.the  west  bank  of  the  Chattahoochee  river  rises  a 
bluff,  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet  above  low  water 
mark,  and  from  its  summit,  looking  south,  you  see 
the  waters  flowing  towards  Apalachicola  Bay, 
where  they  empty  into  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  two  hundred 
and  five  miles  distant,  and  where  the  city  of  Apalachicola 
is  situated. 

As  you  look  towards  the  east  you  behold  the  river  run- 
ning towards  you ;  (as  you  are  standing  on  the  bank  of  the 
stream  where  it  makes  a  sudden  turn  from  east  to  south.) 
Seventy-five  miles  north  of  this  point  is  the  head  of  navi- 
gation, where  is  situated  the  beautiful  city  of  Columbu$, , 
Georgia.  On  the  other  side  of  the  river  is  the  State  Si 
Georgia,  the  stream  forming  the  boundary  between  it  and 
the  State  of  Alabama.  The  country  over  which  your  eye 
wanders  is  a  magnificent  savannah  of  hundreds  of  acres, 
stretching  far  to  the  east  and  southeast. 

Names  of  Indian  Tribes  and  tJt^irHomes — 1825. 

Here  on  this  bluff  dwelt  several  tribes  of  Indians.  One 
tribe  was  known  as  the  "  Actahoochees ;"  one  as  the 
"Uchees,"  and  one  as  the  "  Eufaulas,"  and  from  the  last 
named  tribe  the  town  took  its  name.  Each  tribe  spoke  a 
different  dialect.  These  tribes  of  Indians  practiced  polyg- 
amy, and  had  little  or  no  religion.  They  had  many  rogues 
among  them,  but  their  chiefs  were  honest  and  honorable 
men.  The  name  of  the  principal  chief  was  "Tustenug- 
gee ;"  there  was,  also,  Paddy  Carr,  Steadman,  and  Jim 
Henry,  who  were  noted  men. 

The  United  States  Government  had  defined  the  bounda- 
ries of  the  Indian  territory,  and  this  was  known  as  the 

550168 


4  HISTORY   OF   EUFAULA. 

Creek  Nation.  Here  the  General  Government  guaranteed 
them  the  enjoyment  and  peaceful  possession  of  their  orig- 
inal rights.  But  they  were  not  thus  to  be  let  alone,  for 
the  white  man  came  among  them  and  induced  them,  by 
fair  promises,  to  allow  them  to  farm  the  lands.  It  was  not 
long  before  these  white  men  began  to  trespass  on  the  pos- 
sessions of  the  Indians,  forcing  them  even,  in  many  in- 
stances, to  leave  some  of  their  clearings ;  and  it  was  only 
a  short  time  before  a  bitter  feeling  sprang  up  between 
them. 

The  Intruder's  War — 1827. 

The  Indians  felt  that  the  white  man  was  an  intruder  upon 
them,  and  by  the  advice  of  some  few  white  men,  who  were 
in  sympathy  with  the  Indians,  an  appeal  was  made  to  the 
General  Government,  at  Washington,  for  their  protection 
and  redress.  Soon,  United  States  trOops  were  sent  out; 
who  at  once  ordered  the  white  people  out  of  the  nation, 
and  destroyed  their  growing  crops,  and  burned  a  house 
belonging  to  a  white  man  named  Pugh ;  this  occurred  in 
the  month  of  July,  1827,  and  was  known  as  the  "  Intrud- 
ers War. " 

The  White  People  Return  to  the  Nation. 

The  white  people  did  not  go  far  off,  but  kept  out  of  the 
way  of  the  troops ;  and  as  soon  as  the  treaty  was  ar- 
ranged, by  which  the  government  allowed  the  white  men 
to  buy  claims  from  the  Indians,  they  all  came  back,  and 
at  once  perfected  such  arrangements  as  best  suited  them. 

The  First  White  Man  that  Built  a  House. 
The  first  white  settler  that  built  a  house  here  was  Carson 
Winslett ;  and  soon  after,  Mr,  F.  W.  Pugh,  Moses  Packer, 
Aaron  Packer,  Durham  Lee,  Lochlin  McLean,  James  Gor- 
man, Churchill  Gorman,  and  others,  moved  in. 

The  First  Store. 

The  first  store  was  set  up  by  a  man  named Allen, 

who  had,  as  a  partner,  Hon.  William  Irwin,  who  furnished 


HISTORY    OF    EUFAULA.  O 

the  capital  to  trade  on,  and  who  Hved  in  Henry  county, 
below,  on  the  river. 

The  Name  of  the  Town  Changed  to  hwinton. 
The  Indian  name  of  the  village  was  changed,  and  the 
name  of  Irwinton  was  given  to  the  place,  in  honor  of  Hon. 
Wm.  Irwin,  who  was  a  State  Senator,  representing  Henry 
and  Pike  counties,  in  consequence  of  using  his  influence 
in  the  Legislature  to  make  the  place  a  landing  for  steam- 
boats for  the  benefit  of  the  people  of  this  section  of 
country. 

Public  Sale  of  Land  and  Towft  Lots. 

That  portion  of  the  town,  which  is  now  east  of  Orange 
street,  was  bought  by  a  company  from  Columbus,  Geor- 
gia. Hon.  Alfred  Iverson  was  one  of  the  company.  The 
lands  lying  west  of  Orange  street  were  bought  by  General 
William  Wellborn,  Seth  Love,  John  M.  Moore  and  Alex- 
ander Robertson.  Soon  after,  Wellborn  &  Co.  bought 
lands  they  had  a  few  blocks  run  off  into  lots  and  put  up  at 
public  sale,  and  what  is  now  known  as  Bray  &  Bros,  cor- 
ner, was  bid  off  to  Green  Beauchamp  and  B.  V.  Iverson, 
of  Columbus.  The  next  lot  sold  was  what  is  now  oc- 
cupied by  John  McNab's  bank,  and  was  bought  by  Mr. 
Wm.  A.  McKenzie.  Other  sales  occurred,  but  to  parties 
whose  names  are  now  forgotten. 

The  Country  Full  of  Lndians  Yet — 1835. 

Thus  began  the  settlement  of  Irwinton ;  and  in  the  year 
1835  Irwinton  was  yet  a  very  small  village,  having  but  a  few 
white  inhabitants.  The  surrounding  country  was  full  of 
Indians,  who  lived  in  all  their  aboriginal  simplicity,  hunt- 
ing game,  of  which  there  was  an  abundance  ;  also,  fishing, 
making  baskets  of  reeds,  and  also  blow  guns  of  the  same 
material. 

Lttdian  Blow  Guns. 

These  were  made  of  reeds  about  half  an  inch  or  more 
in  diameter,  and  about  five  or  six  feet  in  length  ;  the  joints 
of  the  reed  were  carefully  bored  out,  the  whole  interior  of 


6  HISTORY   OF   EUFAULA. 

the  gun  was,  by  some  ingenious  process,  made  perfectly- 
smooth  and  straight  as  a  line.  An  arrow  was  then  con- 
structed of  hard  pine,  and  twisted  like  an  augur,  one  end 
was  very  sharply  pointed,  and  the  other  end  was  feathered 
with  thistle  down  and  made  round,  so  that  it  would  ex- 
actly fill  the  bore  of  the  gun  and  offer  as  little  resistance 
as  possible.  The  arrow  being  plac.ed  in  the  gun,  and  then 
applying  the  gun  to  the  mouth  and  giving  a  smart,  quick, 
blow,  they  could,  with  the  greatest  precision,  kill  a  bird 
or  squirrel  in  the  loftiest  tree.  They  also  made  various 
articles  of  bead  work  and  buckskin  for  hunting  pouches, 
and  moccasins  for  their  feet. 

Morals  and  Religion  of  the  Indian. 
In  morals  they  were  as  degraded  as  it  is  possible  to  con- 
ceive, and  in  their  religious  beliefs  not  much  better.     They, 
however,  believed  in  some  Great  Spirit,  but  they  had  no 
forms  of  worship. 

The  Green  Corn  Dance  and  the  Black  Drink. 

The  only  thing  approaching  to  a  religious  rite  was  their 
Green  Corn  Dance  and  taking  the  Black  Drink,  which  oc- 
curred at  different  periods  of  the  year,  and  which  events 
were  looked  for  with  much  interest  and  anxiety,  and  re- 
quired a  great  amount  of  preparation,  both  as  to  the 
ground  upon  which  it  should  be  executed,  and  also  of  the 
persons  who  were  to  engage  in  them. 

The  Green  Corn  Dance  took  place  as  soon  as  the  corn 
was  ripe  enough  to  eat — when  it  was  plucked  and  brought 
to  the  ground  and  cooked  in  large  pots  until  it  was  very 
soft,  and  when  done  was  called  ^'  sofkee."  The  men  would 
all  gather  around  and  eat  it  with  a  wooden  spoon — all 
using  the  same  spoon.  The  chief  presided  over  the  fes- 
tivities, sitting  in  the  center  of  a  circle,  and  after  the  In- 
dians had  partaken  of  the  sofkee,  they  would  throw  off 
their  gown,  and  were  then  demi-nude;  they  then  took  a 
small  board  about  three  inches  wide  and  about  four  inches 
long,  which  was  thickly  set  with  iron  points,  and  with  this 


HISTORY   OF    EUFAULA.  I 

instrument  would  rake  and  tear  the  flesh  on  their  arms, 
legs  and  breasts,  and  sometimes  even  their  faces,  and  then 
in  that  bloody  plight  they  would,  in  wild  fury  and  gesticu- 
lating, and  with  songs,  dance  around  the  ground.  Every 
male  engaged  in  this  ceremony,  and  even  boys  of  sixteen 
and  seventeen  years  of  age.  These  orgies  lasted  three 
and  four  days. 

Another  ceremony  was,  taking  the  Black  Drink,  which 
was  celebrated  in  the  spring  of  the  year,  the  same  as  the 
Green  Corn  Dance;  instead  of  tearing  the  flesh,  they 
partook  of  the  nauseating  drink,  which  was  composed  of 
some  peculiar  roots  and  herbs,  making  a  decoction  as  black 
as  ink,  and  which  vomited  them  most  terribly,  and,  for  a 
short  time,  made  them  very  sick. 

The  Indian,   Unprincipled  and  Not  Brave. 

In  principle  they  were  treacherous  and  untrustworthy, 
and  not  so  brave' as  cunning,  and  given  to  stratagem.  The 
town  during  the  day  was  always  overrun  with  these  dusky 
red  men  of  the  forest,  lying  around  idly  passing  their  time 
away.  When  employed  by  the  white  men  (as  sometimes 
they  were)  in  helping  cultivate  patches  of  corn,  they 
proved  good  workers,  but  had  to  be  constantly  watched  to 
prevent  them  from  stealing,  and  also  from  running  away. 
Those  who  came  to  town  were  usually  accompanied  by 
their  squaws,  who  brought  with  them  the  results  of  their 
own  industries,  and  sold  them  to  the  traders  for  calico  and 
bell  buttons. 

Bell  Buttons  and  Bad  Habits. 

These  were  a  small  button  about  the  size  of  a  hazel  nut 
or  filbert,  and  made  like  a  sleigh  bell ;  they  bought  these 
to  sew  on  their  garments,  which  were  decorated  with 
hundreds  of  them,  and  when  the  wearer  was  in  motion, 
gave  a  pleasing  jingling  sound,  which  they  very  greatly 
admired.  Oftimes,  however,  most  of  their  money  was 
spent  for  mean  whisky — and  when  night  come  on,  and 
they  were  ready  to  go  home,  they  left  town  in  companies ; 


S  HISTORY   OF   EUFAULA. 

one  sober  one  holding  and  leading,  a  drunken  one,  all  of 
them  singing  some  of  their  rude  airs,  which  were  generally 
more  boisterous  than  musical. 

Hotels^  Stores  and  Dwellings  of  Logs. 

There  were  but  few  stores  in  the  town,  and  not  many- 
dwellings,  all  of  them  were  constructed  of  rough  logs.  Up 
to  the  winter  of  1834  there  was  not  a  frame  building  in 
the  place.  There  were  two  public  houses ;  one  of  them 
was  built  of  hewed  logs,  and  was  called  the  crack  hotel  of 
the  village — the  landlord's  name  was  Slatter.  The  other 
house,  a  less  pretentious  one,  was  constructed  of  rough 
round  logs,  and  was  known  as  Morgan's  hotel. 
Chaotic  State  of  Society. 

Many  were  the  adventurers  who  visited  the  village,  and 
many  settled  themselves  here.  This  naturally  brought  all 
kinds  of  people  together,  and  many  of  them  not  of  the 
best  character;  hence,  lawlessness,  drunkenness  and  im- 
morality ruled  the  hour. 

Bowie  Knives,  Pistols  and  Fighting. 

A  great  many  of  the  male  inhabitants  carried  pistols  and 
bowie  knives,  made  almost  imperative  for  self-protection, 
and  upon  almost  any  provication  were  ready  to  make  free 
use  of  them.  Many  were  the  fights  and  bloody  rencoun- 
ters that  were  witnessed  on  the  streets  of  Irwinton.  But 
there  were  a  few  good  men  who,  true  to  every  manly  in- 
stinct, with  courage  undaunted,  stood  up  like  polished 
"  marble  shafts  "  amid  all  the  moral  corruption  that  sur- 
rounded them,  and  by  their  efforts  and  examples  (and  as 
population  increased)  open  wickedness  was  toned  down ; 
bad  men  and  their  evil  practices  began  to  be  overcome  and 
order  took  the  place  of  confusion ;  crime  was  arrested  and 
punished  by  the  strong  arm  of  law — then  Irwinton  began 
iier  career  of  progress. 

The  First  Saw  Mill— 18S5. 

It  was  now  about  the  summer  of  '35  when  a  saw  mill 


HISTORY   OF   EUFAULA.  9 

was  erected  on  the  Chewalla  creek,  about  one  mile  from 
town,  on  the  Columbus  road ;  facilities  were,  thereby,  se- 
cured for  building  better  houses,  which  was  duly  improved. 
The  mill  was  owned  by  Mr.  John  M.  Moore. 
New  Buildings  Being  Built. 
Several  new  store  houses  were  built,  and  also  a  two-story 
hotel,  which  was  called  the  Irwinton  Hotel,  and  kept  by  a 
Mr.  Birch.     Next  door  to  this  building  was  the  then  im- 
posing two-story  building,  owned  and  occupied  by  Capt. 
John  M.   Moore  and  Mr.  J..G.  L.  Martin,  as  a  drinking 
and  eating  establishment;  the  upper  rooms  being  used  as 
a  billiard  saloon  and  ballroom,    and   known  as  "Social 
Hall."    It  was  an  immensely  popular  resort. 
A7nuseme7its. 

In  those  days  the  dance  was  the  only  pastime  in  which 
ladies  and  gentlemen  indulged  together,  so  the  building  of 
Social  Hall  was  hailed  with  delight  by  the  ladies,  of  whom 
there  were  a  good  many  in  the  town  and  surrounding 
country. 

The  gentlemen,  when  to  themselves,  very  freely  patron- 
ized the  gaming  table  and  the  horse  races;  the  latter  was 
held  in  the  streets  of  the  town,  and  inasmuch  as  the  clear- 
ing did  not  extend  far,  the  principal  street  had  to  be  used, 
and  all  business  was  generally  suspended  to  witness  the 
races.  But  a  year  or  two  after  this  a  splendid  course  was 
constructed,  about  four  miles  from  town,  at  a  cost  of  ten 
thousand  dollars,  and  the  turf  was  liberally  patronized  for 
many  years,  but  finally  neglected,  and  now,  not  a  vestige 
of  it  remains. 

Some  Few  Men   Trying  to  Make  Money. 

While  some  were  indulging  in  pleasure  and  dissipation, 
many  others  were  laying  the  foundation  of  their  fortune  and 
independence,  and  helping  to  develope  the  rich  and  fertile 
land  surrounding  Irwinton. 

Cultivation  of  Cotton — 1835. 

The  cultivation  of  the  cotton  plant  was  already  claiming 


10  HISTORY   OF   EUFAULA. 

considerable  attention,  and  a  few  bales,  packed  in  round 
bags  from  six  to  eight  feet  long,  and  tied  at  the  four  cor- 
ners in  knots,  for  convenience  of  handling,  weighing  about 
three  hundred  and  fifty  pounds,  were  received  at  Irwinton, 
as  this  was  the  only  point  of  shipment  to  market,  and  was 
growing  daily  in  commercial  importance. 

The  First  Church  and  School  Established. 

About  this  time,  also,  a  small  school  was  begun  in  a  lit- 
tle log  cabin,  and  taught  by  a  Miss  Perry.  Not  long  after 
a  Methodist  church  was  organized  by  a  circuit  rider  by 
the  name  of  M.  C.  Turrentine,  (who  is  yet  an  active  old 
man  and  a  worthy  minister,)  a  suitable  frame  house  was 
erected,  which  was  the  first  house  of  worship  built  in  Ir- 
winton, (the  same  building  is  yet  standing.)  Population 
increased  rapidly,  and  by  the  spring  of  1836,  the  town 
numbered  not  less  than  five  hundred  inhabitants.  About 
the  Fall  of  '35  another  school  was  commenced,  and  the 
first  male  teacher  in  the  place  was  named  John  N,  McRae, 
who  held  his  school  in  the  Methodist  church,  and  was 
himself  a  preacher. 

Mode  of  Travel  and  Mails— IZZQ. 

The  means  of  communication  and  travel  began  to  mul- 
tiply and  improve.  Four  and  six-horse  coaches  were  run 
between  this  place  and  Columbus,  Georgia,  two  and  three 
times  a  week,  a  distance  of  fifty  miles ;  also,  a  line  of 
stages  were  established  to  Montgomery,  Alabama,  a  dis- 
tance of  ninety  miles,  and,  also,  to  Fort  Gaines,  Georgia, 
Tallahassee,  Florida,  and  other  points.  Mails  were  re- 
ceived from  New  York  city  in  ten  or  twelve  days. 

Steamboats  and  barges  plyed  up  and  down  the  Chatta- 
hoochee river  constantly,  and  thereby  communication  was 
had  with  the  only  seaport  of  all  this  part  of  the  country. 
It  was  only  by  that  route  the  merchants  could  receive  their 
supplies  from  New  York,  and  which  generrally  occupied 
about  thirty  days  in  transit,  and  it  was  often  thought  for- 
tunate if  goods  were  received  even  in  sixty  days  after  they 


HISTORY   OF    EUFAULA.  11 

were  purchased.  Communication  was  also  had  with  New 
Orleans  by  this  route,  and  nearly  all  the  groceries  were 
bought  from  that  market. 

Begimiing  of  Indian  Troubles. 
Matters  were  going  on  smoothly;  the  people  were  all 
prospering  and  gradually  developing  the  wealth  of  the 
country ;  but  some,  in  their  eagerness  for  gains,  attempted, 
and,  in  many  instances,  did,  defraud  the  Red  Man  out  of 
his  rightful  inheritance ;  and  they  began  to  get  uneasy  and 
jealous  at  the  encroachments  of  the  pale  faces,  and,  in 
their  sober  moments,  reflecting  on  the  frauds  so  often  per- 
petrated on  them  by  bad  men,  who  had  made  them  drunk 
when  trading  for  their  lands,  that  they  might  the  more 
easily  be  cheated  out  of  their  possessions. 

The  Indians  Commence  Hostilities. 
The  Indians  now  declare  "war  to  the  knife,  and  the 
knife  to  the  hilt,"  against  the  white  man;  and  soon  the 
forrest  echoes  around  Irwinton  were  awakened  by  the  sav- 
age war-whoop, — a  cry  which,  if  once  heard,  will  remain 
ineffaceably  stamped  upon  the  memory,  and  which  none 
can  utter  like  an  infuriated  savage. 

The  White  Men  ^^Fly  to  Arms  and  Organize.  ^^ 
It  was  not  many  days  before  every  man  was  under  arms. 
Three  companies  were  at  once  organized  and  fully 
equiped,  two  companies  of  infantry  and  one  of  cavalry, 
the  infantry  respectively  commanded  by  Capt.  Ben.  Watson 
and  Capt.  John  L.  Hunter,  and  the  cavalry  by  Capt.  John 
M.  Moore.  Also,  the  entire  militia  of  the  county  was 
called  out  and  placed  on  a  war  footing  for  immediate  ser- 
vice. 

An  Alarm,  and  Building  a  Stockade. 

One  day,  in  the  early  spring  of  1836,  the  intelligence  was 
brought  to  town  that  the  Indians  were  advancing  in  large 
numbers  on  the  place ;  whereupon  the  bells  were  rung 
and  the  drums  beat,  and  the  people  assembled  ;  and  it  was 


12  HISTORY   OF   EUFAULA. 

determined  at  once  to  bnild  a  work  of  defence,  and  imme- 
diately everybody  went  to  work  to  build  a  stockade  fort. 
The  pine  trees  being  ready  on  the  spot  selected  for  the 
works,  they  were  cut  down  and  cut  in  lengths  of  about 
fifteen  feet  and  split  in  halves,  and  set  up  on  end,  in  a 
trench  dug  about  three  feet  deep,  and  thus  firmly  planted. 
Loop  holes  were  cut  between  the  logs,  through  which  to 
fire  at  the  enemy.  In  the  center  of  the  enclosure  there 
was  built  a  square  pen  of  logs,  closely  notched  together, 
for  the  purpose  of  an  additional  security  for  women  and 
children  and  the  helpless ;  also,  in  which  to  keep  supplies 
and  ammunition,  and  to  be  used  as  a  dernier  resort  in  the 
event  of  being  driven  from  the  fort.  The  construction  of 
this  work  of  defence  was  a  lively  scene.  Everybody 
worked  with  a  will ;  and  so,  by  nightfall,  the  work  was 
completed,  and  the  women  and  children  and  all  necessary 
supplies  for  a  siege  were  duly  placed  within  the  enclosure. 
Fortunately,  the  Indians  never  came,  and  the  place  was 
never  attacked. 

An  Incident. 

On  one  dark,  rainy  and  dismal  night,  during  the  occu- 
pancy of  the  fort,  it  was  feard  an  attack  might  be  made 
under  cover  of  the  darkness ;  hence  the  guards  were  largely 
increased,  and  the  bravest  men  put  on  duty,  nnmbering 
about   thirty  or  forty.     A  good  part  of  the  night  had 
already  passed  without  alarm,  when,  all  at  once,  a  tremen- 
dous yelling  was  heard  north  of  the  fort,  towards  the  Che- 
walla  Creek,  and  an  attack  was  believed  to  be  imminent. 
No  lights  being  permitted  in  the  fort,  all  was  as  dark  as 
darkness  could  be ;  but  the  commanding  officer  satisfied 
himself  that  every  man  was  at  his  post,  and  all  awaited 
with  bated  breath  the  attack.     The  yells  came  nearer  and 
nearer,  and  soon  the  tramp  of  horses  and  men  was  heard ; 
and  as  the  gray  dawn  began  to  reveal  objects  in  the  dis- 
tance, there  was  seen  Capt.  John  M.  Moore's  cavalry  com- 
pany approaching,  and  on  reaching  the   fort  and  being 


HISTORY   OF   EUFAULA.  13 

admitted,  the  disclosure  was  made  that  many  of  the  guards 
had  deserted  their  posts  in  the  darkness,  and  had,  unob- 
served climbed  over  into  the  inner  fort  among  the  women 
and  children,  even  leaving  their  guns  behind  them  ;  and 
also  the  commanding  officer  thought  discretion  the  better 
part  of  valor,  and,  as  an  additional  security,  had  ntade  the 
same  retreat,  and  hid  by  the  sugar  barrel.  The  cause  of 
the  alarm  was  given  by  the  company  who  had  been  out  on 
a  scout,  and  in  returning  thought  they  would  try  the  gar- 
rison, which  resulted  as  related.  After  this,  the  compa- 
nies left  the  stockade  and  went  in  search  of  the  Indians, 
and  had  many  skirmishes  with  them,  but  never  found  them 
in  large  bodies. 

Business  all  suspended. 

During  all  this  time   business  was  suspended,  schools 

were  closed,  traveling  was   extremely  dangerous,  and  so 

Irwinton  received  a  terrible  chock  to  her  advancement,  and 

a  feeling  of  gloom  and  despondency  settled  over  her  people. 

The  Indian  War  Over. 

In  a  few,  but  long  and  weary  months  of  dread  and  fear, 
the  war  was  over.  The  Red  Men  had  all  been  driven  out 
of  the  country,  and  finally  the  United  States  Government 
transported  to  the  Indian  Territory  all  who  surrendered 
themselves,  (where  they  now  are),  and  again  "white- 
winged  peace  brooded  over  the  land." 

The  First  Newspaper,  1837. 

It  was  now  1837,  and  new  settlers  began  to  pour  in  from 
all  directions,  and  new  enterprises  were  originated,  among 
them,  the  first  newspaper,  a  weekly,  was  commenced,  bear- 
ing the  title  of  "The  Irwinton  Herald."  It  was  owned 
and  edited  by  Mr.  W.  G.  M.  Davis,  and  printed  by  Mr. 
Jack  Hardman.  The  latter  gentleman  is  now  dead,  but 
the  former  is  yet  living,  and  an  honored  citizen  of  the  State 
of  Florida,  and  was  a  Major-General  in  the  late  war.  The 
paper  was  not  popular,  and  was  soon  discontinued,  the 
office  passing  into  the  hands  of  Mr.  John  Currie  and  Gen. 


14  HISTORY   OF   EUFAULA. 

John  P.  Booth,  who  resumed  its  publication  under  the  man- 
agement of  two  practical  printers,  Mr.  William  Hudson  and 
Mr.  John  Bosworth.  The  paper  was  published  in  the  inter- 
est of  the  Union  Party,  and  became  very  popular. 
New  Buildings,  ChurcJtes,  and  Schools. 
By  this  time  the  business  of  the  Town  had  largely 
increased,  new  streets  had  been  laid  out,  several  fine  resi- 
dences had  been  erected  on  the  bluff  overlooking  the  river, 
the  pine  forest  was  being  rapidly  felled  around  the  Town. 
A  Baptist  Church  was  organized,  and  a  neat  and  commo- 
dious house  of  worship  was  erected  ;  also  the  Presbyterians 
organized  and  built  a  neat  house  ;  and,  also,  the  Methodists 
built  a  new  house,  better  suited  to  their  increasing  necessi- 
ties. A  new  Academy  was  built  and  titled  "The  Irwinton 
Literary  Institute,"  under  the  charge  and  control  of  a 
splendid  gentleman  and  fine  teacher,  Mr.  A.  K.  Merrill, 
assisted  by  a  Mr.  Goldthwaite.  It  was  a  flourishing  insti- 
tution, at  one  time  numbering  150  pupils  of  both  sexes. 

The  Irwinton  Bridge  Bank. 

A  Bank  was  organized  and  chartered,  styled  the  ' '  Irwin- 
ton Bridge  Bank,"  and,  just  previous  to  that,  a  fine  covered 
bridge,  spanning  the  Chattahoochee,  was  built  by  the  town, 
at  a  cost  of  twenty  thousand  dollars,  which  was  a  large  enter- 
prise for  those  days. 

New  Brick  Stores  Erected,  and  Patriotism. 

Brick  stores  began  to  be  built  in  the  place  of  frame  build- 
ings. Two  fine  Liberty  Poles  were  planted  at  each  end  of 
the  principal  street,  and  from  them,  on  the  Fourth  of  July 
and  Washington's  Birthday,  the  22d  of  February,  was  seen, 
proudly  floating,  the  emblem  of  the  Nation's  glory — 

"  'The  star-spangled  banner,'  long  may  it  wave 
O'er  the  laud  of  the  free,  and  the  home  of  the  brave." 

Financial  Crisis — 1837. 
The  year  1837  was  one  of  financial  depression,  and  busi- 
ness suffered  much,  and  many  Irwinton  merchants  were 


HISTORY    OF    EUFAULA.  15 

nearly  ruined;  the  value  of  real  estate  was  greatly  reduced, 
and  many  who  had  speculated  in  that  kind  of  property  lost 
heavily. 

Agricultural  Interest. 

The  agricultural  interest  of  the  country  around  Irwinton 
was  constantly  increased  by  immigration.  Rich  planters, 
with  their  slaves,  sought  the  fertile  lands,  on  the  creeks  and 
the  river,  in  its  immediate  vicinity,  and,  for  the  convenience 
of  their  famihes,  and  to  educate  their  sons  and  daughters, 
lived  in  town,  building  for  themselves  convenient  and  hand- 
some residences. 

Cotto7i  Culture  Increasitig — 1839, 

Cotton  began  to  be  a  considerable  item  of  export,  and, 
by  the  year  1836,  not  less  than  five  thousand  bales  were 
shipped  from  this  point  to  Apalachicola,  for  New  York, 
Liverpool,  and  other  markets.  Also,  the  country  produced 
all  the  meat  and  corn  necessary  for  the  demands  of  the  peo- 
ple, and  everybody  was  independent;  there  were  no  beg- 
gars, and  loafers  were  unknown, 

"  The  Nepenthes:' 

It  was  during  this  year  that  the  newspaper  of  the  Town 
was  again  compelled  to  change  proprietorship,  and  was  pur- 
chased by  Dr.  Levi  T.  Wellborn,  who  changed  its  name 
from  "The  Herald"  to  "The  Nepenthes,"  its  name  being 
somewhat  curious  and  novel ;  its  proprietor  a  man  of  indom- 
itable energy  and  determination  ;  the  paper  was  well  re- 
ceived, and  bid  fair  to  prove  a  success.  The  printer  who 
managed  its  publication  was  named  Richard  Mooney.  The 
paper,  however,  had  but  a  brief  existence,  the  Doctor  soon 
finding  there  was  no  money  to  be  made  in  the  business,  and 
in  addition  to  that,  his  failing  health,  and  the  great  difficulty 
in  getting  reliable  printers  to  do  the  work,  he  sold  out  the 
office  to  Messrs.  McMurray,  Ticknor  &  Arnold,  who  at 
once  unfurled  to  the  breeze  of  public  opinion 

*'The  Champion  of  Democracy'' — 1840. 
Mr.  McMurray  was  the  printer  who  controlled  the  mechan- 


16  HISTORY   OF   EUFAULA. 

ical  part  of  the  paper,  and  Mr.  Ticknor  acted  as  editor. 
The  former  gentleman  has  long  been  dead,  but  the  latter  is 
now  living  in  a  large  town  of  this  State,  and  is  an  honored 
and  worthy  clergyman  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church. 

The  Presidential  Campaign — 1840. 
The  paper  continued  its  issues  until  after  the  election  of 
Gen.  William  Henry  Harrison,  President  of  the  United 
States,  which  it  most  bitterly  opposed  in  well  written  arti- 
cles from  the  pen  of  its  able  young  editor.  There  were 
maay  humorous  caricatures,  that  appeared  in  its  columns, 
made  on  wood,  by  a  gentleman  of  the  Town ;  such  as  a 
picture  of  a*log-cabin  set  up  on  triggers,  baited  with  a 
hard-cider  barrel ;  and  also  of  Gen.  Harrison  as  the  hero 
of  Chillicothe,  receiving  from  the  hands  of  the  ladies  of 
that  village  a  red-flannel  petticoat  for  his  valor,  etc. ,  etc. 

A  Thespian  Corps. 
A  Thespian  Corps  was  organized  for  the  amusement  of 
the  people,  composed  of  the  young  men  of  Irwinton,  and 
for  many  months  was  quite  a  success,  and  developed  some 
fine  histrionic  talent. 

John  Gill  Shorter  and  Others. 
Also,  at  this  period  began  the  legal  profession  of  John 
Gill  Shorter,  who  became  eminent  as  a  jurist,  and  after- 
wards was  elected  Governor  of  the  State  of  Alabama. 
George  L.  Barry,  who  was  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court,  and 
Sterling  G.  Cato,  who  for  many  years  was  a  Judge  in  Kan- 
sas, and  also  many  others  who  rose  to  more  or  less  dis- 
tinction. 

Four  Years  ajter  the  Indian  War. 

Four  years  after  the  Indian  war,  Irwinton  had  made 
due  progress,  and  presented  the  most  gratifying  evidences 
of  thrift,  and  a  good  degree  of  wealth  and  refinement. 
Many  of  her  citizens  kept  their  neat  carriages  and  fine 
horses ;  and  those  who  were  rich  were  so  in  fact,  owning 
lands  of  virgin  soil  of  great  fertility,  and  slaves  who  did  all 


HISTORY   OF    EUFAULA,  17 

the  work  contentedly  and  happy.  The  product  of  the 
plantation  satisfied  all  their  wants,  so  far  as  the  inner  man 
was  concerned,  and  the  sale  of  the  cotton  crop  gave  them 
ample  means  for  all  else  that  was  necessary ;  and,  besides, 
they  always  had  to  spare,  hence  when  the  occasion  pre- 
sented itself,  they  dispensed  their  hospitality  in  a  princely 
style.  As  their  wealth  increased,  their  sons  and  daughters 
were  sent  to  the  then  great  centers  of  education  and  learn- 
ing, Yale  College,  Bridgeport,  Princeton,  and  other  places. 

Happy  Days  of  Progress. 

The  summer  tour  through  the  Northern  States  was 
adopted  about  this  time,  and  thousands  and  tens  of  thous- 
ands of  dollars  were  expended  annually  to  aid  in  enriching 
the  people  of  the  North.  Thus  the  years  passed  on  in 
quietness  and  prosperity,  and  nothing  troubled  the  people 
of  this  section.  All  kinds  of  enterprises  flourished,  and 
Irwinton  gradually  advanced  in  importance,  and  soon  be- 
came a  commercial  town,  forming  the  center  of  a  large 
planting  district  of  a  circle  of  seventy-five  miles  around. 
She  had  come  out  of  the  fire  of  war  and  desolation  and 
moral  corruption.  The  bad  men  who  had  hung  as  an  in- 
cubus about  her  in  her  early  days  had  departed  for  that 
(then  the  rougue's)  paradise,  Texas ;  yet  there  were  many 
old  legal  feuds  to  settle  and  adjust. 

An  Opportunity  for  Men  of  Genms. 

Litigations  were  not  few.  This,  however,  only  helped 
to  develop  men  of  mind  and  ability,  who,  probably  but  for 
these  causes,  would  have  remained  "unknown  to  fortune 
and  to  fame;"  and  in  after  years  we  find  such  men  as 
Hon.  Eli  S.  Shorter  occupying  and  filling  with  distinguished 
ability  a  seat  in  the  United  States  Congres;  and  aiso  L.  L. 
Cato,  Esq.,  a  lawyer  of  distinguished  ability;  and  the 
Hon.  James  L.  Pugh,  who,  today,  is  the  Patrick  Henry 
of  Alabama ;  and  many  others  who  deserve  a  niche  in  the 
Temple  of  Fame.  In  this  connection,  we  would  particu- 
2 


18  HISTORY   OF   EUFAULA. 

larly  mention  General  Alpheus  Baker,  the  eagle  orator  of 
Alabama,  and  now  the  Hon.  Judge  of  the  City  Court  of 
Eufaula. 

Mercantile  and  Financial  Successes. 

The  mercantile  interest  had,  up  to  this  time,  kept  pace 
with  the  material  progress  of  Irwinton,  and  many  large 
stocks  of  goods  were  offered  to  supply  the  needs  of  the 
people  of  the  country.  A  Mr.  S.  S.  Walkley  here  laid  the 
foundation  of  a  handsome  fortune,  which  he  is  now  enjoy- 
ing, in  a  green  old  age,  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia.  Mr. 
Edward  B.  Young,  also,  who  is  a  banker,  of  this  city,  and 
also,  Mr.  John  McNab,  who  is  the  heaviest  financial  man 
in  this  section,  and  through  whose  hands  the  largest  por- 
tion of  the  money  passes  that  moves  the  cotton  crop  of 
this  part  of  the  country.  Many  others  have  gained  mod- 
erate wealth,  and  succeeded  in  surrounding  themselves 
with  comfortable  livings. 
The  Name  of  '  'Irwinton"  Changed  Back  to  ' ' Eufaula" —1^^2. 

In  the  year  1842  it  was  determined  to  change  the  name 
of  Irwinton,  because  there  was  a  town  of  similar  name  in 
the  adjoining  State  of  Georgia,  and  letters  and  packages 
intended  for  this  place  would  often  be  sent  there,  and  vice 
versa,  which  was  a  source  of  considerable  vexation  and 
annoyance  to  the  business  men.  On  one  occasion,  Mr.  E. 
B.  Young,  having  had  a  package  of  money  missent  to 
Irwinton,  Ga.,  determined  to  take  the  matter  in  hand,  and 
set  about  getting  up  a  petition  to  the  Legislature,  asking 
that  the  change  be  made.  He  carried  the  petition  around 
and  obtained  the  signature  thereto  of  every  man  in  Irwin- 
ton but  one.  The  petition  was  forwarded  to  Gen.  William 
Wellborn,  then  representing  the  county  in  the  Legislature, 
and  the  General,  who  had  some  old  grudge  against  Gen. 
Irwin,  was  glad  enough  to  get  the  name  changed  that 
helped  to  perpetuate  the  memory  of  a  man  for  whom  the 
people  had  as  little  sympathy  as  the  General  himself.  It 
was   duly  presented   and   granted,  and  so  the   beautiful 


HISTORY   OF    EUFAULA.  19 

embryo  city  was  re-baptized  into  its  original  and  beautiful 
Indian  name,  "Eufaula." 

"  TJie  Southern  S/iie/d"— 1841. 

The  last  newspaper,  "The  Champion  of  Democracy," 
had  ceased  its  issues  and  its  office  was  closed  and  the  press 
carried  away,  and  the  town  had  been  without  a  paper  some 
time,  when  Mr.  Benjamin  Gardiner  commenced  the  publi- 
cation of  "The  Southern  Shield,"  which  was  devoted  to 
the  interests  of  the  Whig  Party.  It  had  for  its  motto: 
"The  Cradle  of  Science,  the  Nurse  of  Genius,  and  the 
Shield  of  Liberty ; "  but,  not  advocating  the  popular  side 
of  Southern  politics,  it  was  never  a  success.  It  was,  how- 
ever, the  only  medium  of  the  current  news  of  the  day,  and 
many  subscribed  for  it  who  were  not  in  sympathy  with  its 
political  opinions. 

"  T/ie  Democrat"— 1845. 

But,  in  the  year  1845,  on  the  25th  day  of  June,  another 
journal  was  commenced,  published  by  Mr.  John  Black,  and 
edited  by  Edward  C.  Bullock,  Esq.,  a  young  man  of  most 
extraordinary  ability,  and  a  gifted  writer.  It  was  not  long 
before  "The  Democrat"  was  the  popular  paper  of  the 
town  of  Eufaula,  and  had  a  successful  career. 

"  T/ie  Spirit  of  the  South  "—1850. 

In  the  year  1850,  when  sectional  politics  began  to  be  agi- 
tated, and  the  muttering  thunder  of  the  approaching  polit- 
ical storm  was  heard  in  the  distance,  the  name  of  "Dem- 
ocrat" was  changed  to  "The  Spirit  of  the  South,"  and 
fearlessly  advocated  those  measures,  which  it  never  for  a 
moment  forsook,  until  the  final  abitrament  of  the  sword 
decided  the  contest.  Then  its  name  was  changed,  and  it 
now  lives  under  the  name  of  "  The  Tri- Weekly  News. '"J 
Its  first  publisher,  Mr.  John  Black,  has  been  dead  several 
years ;  but  his  mantle  has  fallen  upon  the  shoulders  of  his 
worthy  son,  who  now  both  edits  and  publishes  the  paper. 


20  HISTORY    OF   EUFAULA. 

Agriculture  and  Value  of  Ptoperty — 1858. 
During  the  intervening  time,  between  1843  and  1860,  the 
town  and  county  continued  to  improve,  and  especially  the 
agricultural  interest.  The  cotton  crop  was  continually 
growing  larger  every  year.  Many  planters  were  moving 
into  the  county,  and  by  the  year  1858,  Barbour  county 
had  within  its  limits  12,000  slaves,  valued  at  $8,000,000, 
and  525, 000  acres  of  land,  valued  at  ^8.00  per  acre,  making 
^4,200,00,  and  town  lots,  valued  at  ^550,000— making  a 
grand  total  of  wealth  amounting  to  ;^1 2,770, 000.  The 
prosperity  of  the  county  continued  until  the  late  civil  war, 
when  all  industries  were  paralyzed  and  the  accumulation  of 
years  of  patient  toil  were  swept  away  in  an  hour,  and  yet 
Eufaula  was  spared  that  destruction  which  was  ruthlessly 
visited  upon  many  of  her  sister  towns  and  cities. 

Federal  Cavalry  Under  Gen.  Grierson. 

The  Federal  cavalry  passed  through  the  streets  of  Eu- 
faula in  the  spring  of  1865,  but  just  at  the  moment  when 
the  armistice  was  declared,  and  General  Grierson,  at  the 
head  of  four  thousand  cavalry,  arrived  only  in  time  to  en- 
ter in  peace,  and  after  a  few  days  of  inoffensive  sojourn, 
departed  quietly. 

Population  of  Eufaula,  and  Business. 

To-day  the  BlufiC  City  (as  it  is  appropriately  called,) 
numbers  about  5,000  inhabitants ;  ships  about  30, 000  bales 
of  cotton  per  annum,  valued  at  ^1,800,000,  and  the  gen- 
eral business  of  the  city  exceeds  ^4, 000,000  a  year.  The 
present  assessed  value  of  real  estate  is  (;^1,000,000)  one 
million  dollars. 

Stores,  Public  Buildings,  Churches  and  Dwellings. 
There  are  over  fifty  brick  stores  in  the  city,  besides  three 
handsome  drug  stores,  one  carriage  factory  and  many 
small  shops ;  a  handsome  opera  house,  built  at  a  cost  of 
nearly  $60,000;  Hart's  Hall,  the  largest  and  finest  danc- 
ing saloon  in  the  State,  and  under  which  there  are  six  ele- 


HISTORY  OF   EUFAULA.  21 

gant  stores.     The  Baptists  have  a  superb  church  edifice, 
costing   540,000;  also   the    Methodists   have    a  beautiful 
building  (one  of  the  handsomest  in  the  city)  erected  at  a 
cost  of  $15,000.     The  Presbyterians  have,  also,  a  very  fine 
house,  costing  $25,000.     The  Episcopalians  and  Roman 
Catholics  each  have  neat  but  small  houses;  the  former, 
however,  propose  at  an  early  day  to  erect  a  church  more 
suitable  to  their  growing  necessities.     The  Jews,  having 
purchased  the  old  Methodist  Church  building,   have  re- 
fashioned it,    and,  at   considerable  expense,    have  now  a 
beautiful  synagogue  which  reflects  much  credit  upon  their 
good  taste  and  liberality,  and  is  an  ornament  to  the  city. 
The  Female  College  is  most  beautifully  located  on  a  high 
hill  overlooking  the  city,  and  is  a  very  tasteful  building, 
costing    $10,000.      Many  handsome    private    residences, 
costing  from  five  to  twenty  thousand  dollars,  are  dotted  all 
over  the  city.     The  streets  of  the  city  are  very  broad  and 
cross  each  other  at  right  angles  with  perfect  regularity. 
The  forest  has  long  since  receded  to  the  dim  distance,  and 
now  no  one  would  ever  believe  that  the  present  site  of  this 
beautiful  inland  city  was  once  a  dense  forest  of  pines,  and 
that  only  forty  years  ago  the  savage   Indians  here  dwelt, 
and  hunted  his  game,  and   woke  the  echoes  of  the  hills 
with  his  yells. 

Railroad  Facilities  of  To- Day. 

Evidences  of  progress  are  to  be  seen  in  the  railroad  fa- 
cilities at  hand.  The  Montgomery  and  Eufaula  Railroad, 
connecting  here  by  rapid  transit  with  all  the  South  and 
West,  Northwest  and  East.  The  Southwestern  Railroad 
of  Georgia,  (which  here  crosses  the  Chattahoochee  river 
on  a  splendid  covered  bridge,  eighty  feet  high  and  900 
feet  in  length,  costing  §100,000,)  gives  her  communication 
with  the  North  and  East,  and  the  Brunswick  and  Vicks- 
burg  Railroad,  extending  now  as  far  as  twenty  miles  west, 
to  the  town  of  Clayton — the  county  site — but  which  will 
ultimately  be  built  as  far  as  Greenville,  Alabama,  and  thus 


22  HISTORY   OF    EUFAULA. 

placing  Eufaula  but  a  very  few  hours  from  New  Orleans. 
The  first  train  of  cars  that  ran  within  the  corporate  limits 
of  Eufaula  was  in  1865.  The  terminus  oi  the  Southwest- 
ern Railroad  was  on  the  other  side  of  the  river  for  many 
months  before  the  bridge  crossing  the  river  was  completed. 
Cotton  Speculating  Mania. 

Since  the  late  war,  fortunes  have  been  made  and  lost  in 
Eufaula.  Cotton  speculating  has  been  the  bane  of  many 
a  good  man,  who  has  fallen  a  prey  to  its  seductive  charms, 
and  up  to  this  time  there  is  not  a  man  who  has  derived 
any  permanent  advantage  from  that  kind  of  investment, 
yet  others  are  constantly  and  as  eagerly  trying  the  same 
experiment  over  again. 

Building  and  Loan  Association,  and  the  People's  Saving  and 
Loan  Association. 

A  Building  and  Loan  Association  has  been  organized  in 
this  city,  and  is  in  successful  progress,  and  has  assisted 
many  a  poor  man  to  provide  for  himself  and  family  a 
home  which  he  otherwise  would  not  have  had.  A  Savings 
and  Loan  Association  was  also  founded  a  few  months  ago, 
and  now  have  already  accumulated  a  cash  capital  of 
$100,000,  and  are  now  doing  a  regular  banking  business. 

"  The  Bluff  City  Times" 
Edited  by  R,  D.  Shropshire,  ,Esq.,  is  as  spicy  a  little  sheet 
as  can  be  found  in  the  land.  Mr.  Shropshire  is  a  good 
writer  and  of  large  experience.  The  two  papers  of  the 
city  being  pubUshed  on  alternate  days,  the  citizens  have 
the  same  advantages  a  daily  would  afford,  with  much  more 
variety. 

Debts  a7id  Credits. 

A  new  order  of  things  is  now  being  inaugurated  in  the 
way  of  debts  and  credits,  and  business  is  being  conducted 
on  a  cash  basis,  and  the  future  looks  more  encouraging. 
Water  Power  and  Climate  of  Eufaula. 

When  the  great  natural  resources  in  water  power   for 


HISTORY    OF    EUFAULA.  23 

running  mills  and  cotton  factories  shall  be  utilized  that  are 
now  lying  idle  in  easy  reach  of  Eufaula,  she  will  be  made 
one  of  the  finest  manufacturing  centers  in  the  whole  South. 
Her  climate  is  salubrious,  and  does  not  require  acclimati- 
zing for  Northern  or  Western  people  to  live  here  com- 
fortably and  healthfully  all  the  year  around.  No  one  ever 
visits  her  hospitable  people  who  do  not  feel  glad  they  have 
made  them  a  visit  and  would  be  pleased  to  make  it  their 
home. 

A  Hero  of  Sari  Jacinto. 

This  little  city  has  been,  and  now  is,  the  home  of  quite 
a  number  of  public  men,  whose  names  in  the  State  are  as 
familiar  as  household  words,  and  also,  of  some  who,  less 
eager  for  the  world's  applause,  have  lived  and  died  in 
retirement;  and  prominent  among  them  is  Col.  Dougald 
McLean,  who  was  a  soldier  in  the  Texan  war  of  1836. 
He  held  a  first  lieutenant's  commission  in  Captain  Wards- 
worth's  company  of  Col.  Fannin's  regiment  from  Georgia, 
and  participated  in  the  ever-memorable  battle  of  San 
Jacinto,  which  was  fought  under  General  Sam.  Houston, 
on  the  21st  day  of  April,  1836,  and  determined  the  fate  of 
Texas,  so  gloriously  achieving  her  independence.  Lieuten- 
ant McLean's  sword  is  now  in  the  possession  of  his  family, 
and  also,  a  shot-gun,  called  an  "Escopet,"  and  a  pair  of 
Mexican  cuffs  —  the  latter  he  took  from  the  body  of  one 
of  the  men  he  killed  in  battle.  The  name  of  the  Mexican 
is  embroidered  in  black  silk  on  the  inside  of  the  cuffs,  and 
reveals  the  name  of  "L.  Arollo."  Col.  McLean  (who 
was  afterwards  made  a  Colonel  of  the  militia),  during  his 
life  time,  on  each  recurring  anniversary,  fired  a  salute  of 
one  gun  in  honor  of  the  battle  of  San  Jacinto,  and  on  the 
last  occasion  was  on  his  dying  bed,  but,  faithful  to  the 
pledge  he  had  made  to  himself,  had  his  attendants  carry 
him  in  a  chair  to  the  gun,  and  applied  the  match  with  his 
own  hand.  On  the  13th  day  of  the  following  May,  1859, 
he  ended  his  mortal  life,  and  was  buried  with  military 


24  HISTORY   OF    EUFAULA. 

honors,  and  three  salutes  were  fired  over  his  grave,  one 
in  honor  of  General  Houston,  he  so  much  loved  and  hon- 
ored ;  one  in  honor  of  the  great  battle  of  which  he  was 
a  hero,  and  last  as  a  tribute  to  his  memory. 

Having  endeavored,  with  all  the  information  we  could 
obtain  from  eye  witnesses  of  past  and  personal  experiences, 
to  give  you  a  full  and  truthful  account  of  the  origin  of 
Eufaula,  and  some  of  the  leading  events  in  its  history,  we 
now  bid  you  adieu  and  hopefully  look  forward  to  the 
future,  when  our  children  shall  write  yet  more  pleasing 
reminiscences  of  this  now  beautiful  city. 

END  OF  PART  FIRST. 


PART    SECOND. 


rs  WE  have  on  the  swift  wings  of  memory  taken  a 
retrospective  flight  over  old  Irwinton,  and  noted 
many  of  the  varied  events  that  swept  her  on,  and 
away,  and  merged  her  into  the  Eufaula  of  1842, 
and  the  continually  advancing  tide  of  progress  has  brought 
us  to  the  Eufaula  of  to- day:  may  we  not,  with  some  de- 
gree of  certainty,  predict  the  future  of  Eufaula  on  the 
same  basis  of  progression.  To-day  we  mark  the  evidences 
of  industry,  and  see  the  accumulating  evidences  of  patient 
toil.  The  old  generation  is  fast  passing  away  and  a  new 
one  has  control,  and  adding  knowledge  to  the  experiences 
of  the  past,  new  and  grander  aims  are  filling  the  minds  of 
those  who  occupy  the  places  of  trust  and  profit ;  and  in 
financial  and  commercial  circles,  the  men  of  to-day  are 
wiser  than  those  of  the  past. 

The  Effects  of  the  Late  War  Fading  Out. 
The  dire  effects  of  the  late  civil  war  is  fast  fading  away ; 
public  confidence  is  now  rapidly  being  restored  ;  better  laws 
are  being  enacted ;  the  laboring  classes  have  gone  to  work 
with  an  energy  and  good  will  never  before  witnessed  since 
the  war,  and  a  general  good  feeling  exists  between  labor 
and  capital,  and  we  may  safely  predict  that  it  will  not  be 
long  before  this  whole  Southern  land  shall  again  "blos- 
som as  the  rose." 

The  Political  Sky  Clearing. 

The  curse  of  political  corruption,  that  hung  like  a  mill- 
stone around  the  neck  of  the  people,  fastened  upon  then> 


26  HISTORY   OF   EUFAULA. 

by  a  set  of  unscrupulous  and  contemptible  scalawags 
and  carpet-baggers,  has  now  been  removed  and  hope,  en- 
couragingly bekons  onward.  And,  now,  Eufaula  pre- 
sents advantages  of  illimitable  extent,  both  in  a  commer- 
cial and  financial  point  of  view,  and  we  may  again  justly 
add,  also,  as  a  manufacturing  centre.  Here  is  presented  a 
field  for  the  profitable  use  of  at  least  one  million  of  dol- 
lars. 

The  Business  of  the  City. 

The  amount  of  groceries  sold  annually  in  Eufaula  is 
simply  immense,  and  then  add  to  the  heavy  goods — the 
fancy  groceries  and  general  merchandise — in  all,  amount- 
ing to  not  less  than  four  millions  of  dollars.  Before  the 
war  Eufaula  was  one  of  the  best  business  places  in  the 
whole  South,  and  she  is  destined  at  no  distant  day  to  be 
so  again. 

''Hope  Springs  Eternal  in  the  Human  Breast^ 

At  no  period  since  the  war  have  her  people  been  more 
hopeful  than  now ;  the  shackles  with  which  she  has  so 
long  been  bound  are  broken,  and  to-day  she  is  rising  from 
the  dust  of  her  humiliation,  and  soon  prosperity  shall 
again  dwell  among  her  people  as  peace  now  reigns  within 
her  borders. 

No  Manufactories,  but  Strong  Inducements. 

No  manufactories  (except  one)  have  been  erected,  and 
yet  facilities  of  unusual  advantages  are  within  easy  reach ; 
healthful  climate,  pure  water  in  abundance,  raw  material 
at  the  very  doors  —  cotton,  wool,  coal,  iron  and  wood; 
nothing  wanting  but  capital.  Let  such  who  are  seeking 
investments  come  and  see  for  themselves.  A  city  that 
can,  by  a  few  thousands  of  dollars  properly  invested, 
become  one  of  the  wealthiest  (as  it  now  is  the  loveliest)  in 
all  the  Sunny  South,  and  where  one  may  live  the  year 
around,  happily,  healthfully  and  contentedly,  having  good 
society,  and  all  the  advantages  of  a  large  city,  without 
many  of  their  evils. 


HISTORY   OF    EUFAULA.  27 

Rich  Fanning  Lands  and  their  Products. 

The  country  around  Eufaula  is  rich  in  farming  lands, 
which  are  easily  cultivated  and  can  be  bought  for  from  five 
to  ten  dollars  per  acre,  and  are  in  the  great  cotton  belt 
of  the  country,  producing  a  half  bale  to  the  acre,  and,  by 
the  right  kind  of  cultivation,  can  be  made  to  yield  much 
more.  Corn  grows  luxuriantly,  as  also  does  all  the  small 
grain,  and  peas  and  potatoes ;  sugar  cane  thrives  well,  and 
every  farmer  can  make  his  own  sugar  and  molasses.  Also, 
all  kinds  of  fruit  can  be  grown  to  perfection  —  peaches, 
apples,  quince,  pears  and  all  kinds  of  grapes  and  berries. 

Population  and  Resources  of  Country  Around. 

The  country  around  Eufaula  has  a  large  population,  and 
already  over  75,000  people  draw  their  supplies  directly  and 
indirectly  from  this  city.  The  negro  population  is  large, 
and  had  it  not  been  for  the  advice  of  bad  men  and  their 
interference  for  the  last  few  years,  their  industry,  with 
proper  direction,  would  have  long  ago  made  itself  manifest 
in  the  rapid  recuperation  of  the  county  from  the  dire 
effects  of  the  late  war.  Now,  as  we  have  before  stated, 
affairs  are  changing  and  a  new  order  of  things  is  fully 
inaugurated,  and  it  will  be  but  a  short  time  when  there 
shall  be  presented  to  the  world  a  land,  as  it  were,  "flowing 
with  milk  and  honey" — a  land  of  wealth  and  liberty, 
"The  land  of  the  free  and  the  home  of  the  brave." 

The  Municipal  Goi^ernnicnt  oj  Eufaula. 
The  municipal  affairs  of  the  city  arc  controlled  and 
managed  by  a  Mayor  and  a  Board  of  eight  Aldermen,  who 
are  elected  once  a  year ;  two  Aldermen  from  each  of  the 
four  Wards  of  the  city ;  also,  a  Clerk  and  Treasurer.  The 
police  are  under  a  Marshal,  who  has  such  force  at  his  dis- 
posal as  the  necessities  of  the  hour  may  require,  but 
ordinarily  only  some  three  or  four  policemen  are  on  duty. 
The  City  Council  can  increase  the  force  or  decrease  it  as 
they  see  proper. 


28  HISTORY  OF  EUFAULA. 

The   Water  Supply. 

Eufaula  possesses  the  most  natural  advantages  for  water- 
works, both  in  the  ease  for  obtaining  the  necessary  supply 
and  for  location  of  reservoirs.  Some  of  the  elevations  on 
which  works  could  be  constructed  are  at  least  seventy-five 
feet  above  the  business  portion  of  the  city,  and  also,  of 
the  majority  of  private  residences.  For  ordinary  purposes 
water  is  plentiful,  soft,  cool  and  delightful,  drawn  from  the 
deep  wells  on  every  premise  in  the  city.  There  is  scarcely 
a  family  but  has  its  well  of  cool  and  sparkling  water.  The 
water  supply  for  the  engines,  in  case  of  fire,  is  drawn  from 
iipmense  cisterns,  located  at  the  intersections  of  the  busi- 
ness streets,  and  convenient ;  the  quantity  of  water  is  fully 
adequate  to  meet  any  dernand  that  could  be  made.  Thus 
is  the  city  well  protected  from  the  fire  fiend,  so  far  as  hu- 
man agency  is  concerned,  and  also  for  the  ordinary  pur- 
poses of  life. 

The  Fire  Department. 

Her  Fire  Department  is  composed  of  two  hand  engines 
and  one  hook  and  ladder  company.  The  companies  are 
made  up  of  the  best  men  of  the  city  ;  they  each  have  their 
respective  halls,  handsomely  furnished  and  evidencing  the 
taste  of  cultivated  gentlemen.  Her  Department  is  under 
a  Chief  and  other  officers  usual  on  such  staff.  Eufaula 
feels  proud  of  her  citizen  firemen,  and  challenges  any  of 
her  sister  cities  to  produce  a  more  gallant  and  finer-looking 
set  of  men,  from  the  Chief  down  to  the  tiny  color-bearers, 
who  ride  in  triumph  on  the  carriages. 

Her  Hotels,  "  Commercial  and  "  Central." 

The  hotels  of*  the  city,  although  they  can  lay  no  claims 
to  solendid  exteriors,  yet  are  within  comfortable  and  pleas- 
ant. The  Commercial,  with  that  genial,  clever  and  socia- 
ble landlord,  Mr.  A.  J.  Riddle  as  its  host,  is  a  popular 
house,  and  everybody  who  visits  him  are  delighted,  and 
are  loth  to  part  from  him. 

The  Central  is  kept  by  Mr.   John  D.   Billings  and  his 


HISTORY   OF    EUFAULA.  29 

most  estimable  wife,  who  know  how  to  keep  a  hotel.  The 
rooms  are  neat  and  all  as  "  cozy  as  a  bug  in  a  rug."  What 
was  at  one  time  a  hindrance  to  travelers  remaining  any 
length  of  time  in  Eufaula  has  now  fairly  been  overcome, 
and  we  can  now  invite  all  to  tarry,  and,  as  they  pass  along, 
enjoy  for  a  while  the  comforts  of  a  home,  and  be  delighted 
with  the  pleasant  and  varied  associations  of  this  beautiful 
little  city. 

Her  Temples  of  Worship  and  Ministry. 

Already  allusion  has  been  made  to  her  costly  houses  of 
worship.  Her  temples  are  indeed  beautiful  and  ample 
for  her  necessities,  and  all  have  officiating  ministers  who 
for  piety  and  self-consecration  have  no  superiors.  Eufaula 
is  highly  favored  in  having  the  best  of  men  to  teach  her 
people  the  way  of  life,  and  no  stranger  can  come  to  this 
city  and  not  find  the  church  of  his  choice,  and  listening 
to  the  faithful  herald,  but  go  away  a  better  man. 

Benevolent  Societies  and  Organizations. 
The  Masonic  fraternity  have  flourishing  lodges  and  large 
membership,  also  the  Odd  Fellows  have  here  one  of  the 
best  lodges  in  the  State.  The  Jews  have  the  benevolent 
society  of  Bnai  Brith — and  all  of  them  weilding  an  influ- 
ence for  good.  There  is  also  a  lodge  of  Sons  of  Temper- 
ance, and  recently  there  has  been  established  the  "Young 
Men's  Christian  Association,"  who  are  growing  in  power 
and  blessing  the  world. 

Educational  Advantages. 
In  educational  advantages  I.ufaula  has  schools  which 
will  compare  favorably  with  those  of  other  places.  The 
Union  Female  College,  Mr.  Wm.  H.  Patterson,  A.  M., 
President,  with  a  full  corps  of  able  professors,  where  a 
young  lady  can  be  thoroughly  educated  and  prepared  for 
the  great  and  responsible  duties  of  life.  The  male  schools 
are  all  excellent,  and  in  charge  of  able  and  experienced 
masters,  and  a  young  man  may  be  well  fitted  to  enter  col- 


30  HISTORY    OF    EUFAULA. 

lege  or  learn  all  that  is  absolutely  needed  for  the  ordinary 
practical  duties  of  every  day  life.  The  Public  School  sys- 
tem is  being  introduced,  and  it  will  not  be  long  before 
they  shall  be  fully  sustained  and  made  ample  for  the  neces- 
sities of  the  city. 

The  Beautiful  Situation  of  Eufaula. 

The  situation  of  Eufaula  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
imaginable,  and  has  most  appropriately  been  called  "The 
Bluff  City,"  as  it  is  on  one  of  the  highest  bluffs  on  the 
river,  and  on  a  plain  running  west  about  half  a  mile,  and 
thence  gradually  ascending  a  hill  some  seventy-five  feet, 
and  then  again  another  plateau  of  about  a  quarter  of  a 
mile  and  again  another  hill.  On  the  north  the  plain  ex- 
tends about  half  a  mile  to  the  Chewalla  creek ;  and  on  the 
south  it  extends  nearly  a  mile,  gradually  descending  until 
it  reaches  the  Barbour  creek :  thus  do  we  find  the  location 
of  this  charming  city. 

The  Streets  and  Embellishments. 

The  streets,  taking  the  proportions  of  avenues,  run 
north  and  south,  east  and  west,  presenting  the  utmost  reg- 
ularity. Broad  street,  which  is  the  principal  street,  is  165 
feet  wide,  all  other  parallel  and  intersecting  streets  are 
from  132  feet  to  150  feet  wide  ;  the  intersecting  streets  are 
bordered  on  either  side  with  China  trees,  (or  as  they 
are  sometimes  called,  "the  Pride  of  the  South,")  and, 
also,  the  water  oak.  In  the  early  spring  the  China  trees 
are  in  bloom  and  have  the  appearance  of  immense  bo- 
quets,  and  their  lilac  colored  blossoms  fill  the  air  with  their 
sweet  perfume.  The  beautiful  avenues  afford  the  most 
delightful  drives  and  are  so  used  by  the  citizens,  many  of 
whom  own  handsome  turnouts.  When  the  trees  are  in 
full  foliage  (which  is  about  three-fourths  of  the  year)  the 
scene,  on  some  pleasant  evening,  is  almost  like  fairy  l^d. 
Every  house  you  pass  has  its  flower  garden  in  front,  and 
the  grounds  around  many  residences  are  handsomely  laid 
out,  and  contain  the  most  exquisite  flowers,  beautiful  or- 


HISTORY   OF   EUFAULA.  31 

naments  and  ornamental  tree,  the  arbre  vitae,  the  crepe 
myrtle,  the  drooping  willow,  the  cedar  tree,  the  mock 
orange,  the  holly  and  the  magnolia,  and  sometimes  some 
of  the  statelier  trees  of  the  forest — altogether,  presenting 
a  most  beautiful  scene. 

The  Women  of  Eufaula. 

"  The  world  was  sad !  the  garden  was  a  wild  ! 
And  man,  the  hermit,  sighed — till  woman  smiled !" 

So  would  a  melancholy  gloom  and  sadness  rest  upon 
this  beautiful  city  were  it  not  for  her  lovely  women.  No 
where  upon  this  green  earth  will  you  find  purer,  better  or 
lovelier  women  than  in  "The  Bluff  City."  It  is  no  ful- 
some praise  or  flattery  to  say  that,  in  morals  and  religious 
character,  the  women  of  this  city  are  unexceptionably 
faultless ;  there  is  no  work  of  charity  and  love  that  does 
not  at  once  enlist  their  sympathies  and  hearty  co-opera- 
tion. Suffering  humanity  always  find  in  them  a  warm, 
generous  and  self-sacrificing  friend.  Are  the  poor  to  be 
clothed  and  fed,  their  busy  hands  keep  pace  with  their  lov- 
ing and  tender  hearts  and  soon  the  distressed  are  relieved. 
Is  some  tribute  of  grateful  love  due  to  those  who  have 
sacrificed  their  fortunes  and  their  lives  for  their  country, 
they  are  the  first  to  engage  m  the  work  of  affection  and 
patriotism.  Has  some  erring  son  of  Adam  strayed  from 
the  paths  of  rectitude,  they  are  the  first  to  give  a  helping 
hand  to  reclaim  him  to  virtue  and  society.  In  religion  their 
zeal  knows  no  flagging,  and  "  their  lives  give  lucid  proof 
their  hearts  aje  sincere."  When  the  silent  sentinels  of 
night  are  keeping  watch  over  a  slumbering  world,  they 
are  found  watching  beside  the  couch  of  suffering  human- 
ity, pouring  consolation  into  the  wounded  heart,  and,  like 
ministering  angels,  pointing  the  dying  to  a  better  and  a 
happier  world.  Such  are  the  women  of  Eufaula, — and, 
also,  to  these  beauties  of  the  mind  and  soul  we  may  add 
that  of  personal  charms.  There  are  but  few  places  where 
there  are  such  truly  handsome  women :  -beautiful  in  char- 


S2  HISTORY   OF  EUFAULA. 

acter ;  beautiful  in  mind  and  cultivation  ;  beautiful  in  grace 
and  elegance  of  taste  and  dress,  and  lovely  in  person. 
Many  of  the  married  ladies  of  Eufaula  are  among  the 
"fairest  of  the  fair;"  and  to  the  stranger,  'twould  be  dif- 
ficult in  many  instances  to  distinguish  the  matron  from  the 
maid,  so  fresh  and  lovely  do  they  appear.  There  is  one 
in  every  community  who,  to  somebody,  is  the  very  ideal 
of  perfection,  and  of  whom  it  may  be  said — 

"  Her  form  was  fresher  than  the  morning  rose, 
When  the  dew  wet  its  leaves ;  unstained  and  pure, 
As  is  the  lily,  or  the  mountain  snow." 

but  who  that  one  is  in  this  city  we  leave  those  who  see 
them  to  judge  for  themselves;  and,  where  there  are  so 
many  sparkling  eyes,  and  beautiful  forms  and  fair  faces, 
we  have  no  doubt  that  more  than  one  will  be  chosen  as 
the  beau  ideal  of  love  and  beauty. 

What  More  Ca7i  Be  Said? 
Is  it  a  wonder  that  any  one  should  feel  proud  of  being 
•a  citizen  of  such  a  charming  place ;  surrounded  by  so 
much  to  admire  and  love,  making  life  so  pleasant ;  with 
skies  above  them  as  fair  as  Italia's  clime  ;  the  green  earth 
beneath  carpeted  with  verdure,  and  an  atmosphere  as  pure 
as  mountain  air,  and  with  companions  and  friends,  of  such 
beautiful  and  lovely  beings  who,  themselves,  are  God's 
best  gift  to  man. 

"  Come  With  Us  and  We  will  Do  Thee  Good. 
In  conclusion,  we  would  add  the  invitation  to  come  and 
see  the  beautiful  "  Bluff  City  of  the  Chattahoochee,"  and 
you  will  find  that  not  one  half  has  been  told  of  its  attrac- 
tions and  real  advantages. 

FINIS. 


MUNICIPAL  GOVERNMENT. 


Mayor Hon.  Wells  J.   Bray. 

Treasurer John  D.   McCormick,  Esq. 

City  Clerk Geo.   H.   Sporman,  Esq. 

BORAD   OF  ALDERMEN. 

First  Ward — Wm.  T.  Simpson,  Esq.,  A.   W.   Black, 
Esq. 

Second  Ward — Capt.  John   G.    Smith,    Henry   Bern- 
stein, Esq. 

Third  Ward — John  M.  Bovvdon,  Esq.,  James  C.  Mc- 
Kenzie,  Esq. 

Fourth  Ward — L.  W.  McLaughlin,   Esq.,  George  C. 
McCormick,  Esq. 

Chief  of  Police Capt.  Bryan  James. 

City  Attorney J.   M.  Buford,  Esq. 

Chief  Fire  Department ..Dan  Rowlett,  Esq. 


CHURCH   DIRECTORY. 


First  Baptist  Church — Pastor,  Rev.  Wm.  N,  Reeves^, 
Services  every  Sunday — morning  and  night.  Prayer  meet- 
ing every  Wednesday  night. 

Methodist  Episcopal  Church — Pastor,  Rev.  E.  M.  Bounds. 
Services  every  Sunday — morning  and  n^ight.  Prayer  meet- 
ing every  Monday  night. 

Presbyterian  Church — Pastor,  Rev.  J.  J.  Robinson,  D.D.. 
Services  ^v^ry  Sunday — morning  and  night.  Prayer  meet- 
ing every  Thursday  night. 

Protestant  Episcopal  Church — Pastor,  Rev.  J.  C.  Davis. 
Services  every  Sunday— morning  and  night.  Lecture 
every  Wednesday  night. 

Roman  Catholic  Church — Services  every  Sunday  morn- 
ing.    Sunday  School  afternoon. 

Synagogue — Opened  every  Friday  evening  and  Saturday. 


BENEVOLENT  SOCIETIES. 


Free  and  Accepted    Masons  have  their  meetings  as 
follows : 

Blue  Lodge — The    2d   and  4th  Saturday   nights  in  the 
month. 

Chapter — The  1st  and  3d  Saturday  nights  in  the  month. 

Cormnandery — The  1st  and  3d  Saturday  nights  in  the 
month. 

Independent  Order  Odd  Fellows — Regular  meeting  every 
Thursday  night. 

Mt.  Sinai  Encampment — Meets  once  a  month. 

Sons  of  Temperance — Every  Tuesday  night. 

The  Jews  Benevolent  Society — Bnai  Brith — Meet  twice 
a  month. 

Young  Men's  Christian  Association — Meet  every  Friday 
night  at  their  rooms,  and  their  doors  are  always  open  to 
welcome  the  stranger,  and  others,  who  may  wish  to  visit 
them.     All  are  invited. 


PUBLIC    SCHOOLS 


roi^     I  sT^s. 


COL.  B.  WELLBORN, 

City  Superintendent, 

BOARD  OF  TRUSTEES. 
Rev.  Wm.  A.  Reeves,  Capt.  John  G.  Smith, 

Wm.  H.  Bray,  Esq.  Capt.  Henry  C.  Hart, 

Dr.  H.  M.   Weedon. 

TEACHERS. 

Prof.  John  S.  Dobbins,  Mrs.  Lydia  S.  Wellborn, 

Prof.  W.  H.  Patterson,  Francis  Riley, 

Miss  Alice  Wauchope,  Jennie  Peterson,  (col'd,) 

Mr.  W.   C.  Wallace. 


RAILROAD  TIME  TABLE. 


SOUTHWESTERN  RAILROAD. 


DOWN    MAIL  TRAIN. 

Leave  Macon 9:10  a.m. 

Aarrive  Eufaula....6:17  p.m. 


UP  TRAIN. 

Leave  Eufaula 8:22  a.m. 

Arrive  Macon 5:15  p.m. 


MONTGOMERY  &  EUFAULA  RAILROAD. 

GOING    EAST.  GOING    WEST. 


Lv.  Montgomery....  3:45pm 
Ar.  Union  Spg's....  7:13pm 
Ar.  Eufaula 10:47pm 


Lv.  Eufaula 12:46pm 

Ar.  Union  Spg's 3:43am 

Ar.  Montgomery....  7:15am 


ARRIVALS  AND  DEPARTURES  OF  MAILS. 

Northern  and  Eastctn,  and  Savannah,  Macon — Via  S,  W. 
R.  R.,  arrives  at  5  p.  m.     Closes  at  8:30  p.  m. 

Clayton — Arrives  at  9  A.  m.     Closes  at  5  p.  m. 

Marianna — Arrives  Mondays,  Wednesdays  and  Fridays 
at  8  p.  m.     Closes  same  days  at  8:30  p.  m. 

Clopton,  Skipperville  a7id  Ozark — Arrives  Saturday  at  4 
p.  m.,  and  closes  Wednesdays  at  8:30  p.  m. 

Oza>k — Mail  also  arrives  and  departs  twice  a  week  via 
M.  &  E.  R.  R.  and  Troy. 

Northern,  Eastern  and  Western — Via  M.  &  E.  R.  R.,  ar- 
rives at  10:45  p.  m.  Opened  at  6:30  next  morning.  Closes 
at  8:30  p.  m. 


Advertiscmenfi . 


-zo   -fzo-   'tyyt-t-a   -t-i^^     0>/ze  'tHz^u-e-^ce.-t   -ctz-^  dee-   ti^ -a.   ■r^'Cei-7-tcc 

d.-/-t.tc-/^  <i.-a<ie^^a'i^€.e<'      C/uta   e-Cer^ti-^t/  ^OVbU^  MilH^Td 

^nlAtn   ^    ^^    ^  ^^^^'  c^/<^-^24«^zi^^   «:^<^   S^a/Ae^ 

\^o-.  d   best  make,    Aez^e-  ^t^-t    -decyt   <i€C(zec^ jpa^  'CA-e  <ic= 

Cy^n.^  ■c^L'i^'i^-e-c-tm-7^  ■UA^'-ZA  /Ae^  c^'^O'te'C  -cd  Mons.  J. 
Konskt  s  Barber  SJi  -^p,  't^/(<i  <^i  o-^^e  ojf  ^^e.  -is^c/-^  c/dat.- 
tj-e-id   -ct-yi-c/  ^Qa-ct- (^a4./i^e't  d   -c-i^   't^e  ^^'n-t-teiZ     ^^-tet-ted. 

^'ue-i^  a^e^i.^ta.'n.  -tu/i-e.')^  ^e  dio^i  €i.Z^ 'c/i^e  Contmercial. 

OMNIBUS  TO  AffD  tROM  HEPOTS  AND  STEA31BOAT8  FREE. 


A.  J.  KIDDLE  and  WML  SMITHA«  Proprietors^ 


Advertisements. 


W.  n.  BRAY. 


»=«  = 


N.  M.  BRAY. 


W.  J    BRAY. 


^S 


T®<^5^)  (T^^^ffr^'^i  ^^^^  ©^)  "^ti^ 


IMPORTERS  AND  DEALERS  IK 


GUNS,  (i  CARRIAGE  MATERIALS, 


IK©  I 


:^ 


PJLaSf^©,  .  ®3]Lg,  WmBSf 2©MIS©,  ®iLms©»  (&©« 


Northeast  Corner  of  Broad  and  Randolph  Streets^ 
E^FAWIiAi  ALA. 


Adve}iisements. 


\n 


KIMBROUGH  &  BULLOCK, 

No.  3  HART'S  BLOCK, 

WHOLESALE  AND  RETAIL  DEALERS 


IN 


MEDICINES,  CHEMICALS, 

imm  km  toiljt  asticlis, 

SPONGES,  BRUSHES,  PERFUMERY.  &C. 


Phj'SWiMQS^  PrSSQ^ipiiQMS  carefully   compounded, 
and  orders  answered  ivitJi  care  and  despatch. 


Fanners  and  Physicians  from  the  country  will  find  our 
stock  of  Medicines  complete,  zvarranted  gemdne, 
and  of  the  best  quality. 


tv  Advertisements. 


J.  C.  M^KEISrZIE, 


WHOLESALE  AND  RETAIL 


GEOCEE 

SOUTHEAST   CORNER  BROAD  AND  EUFAULA 
STREETS. 

His  stock  will  comprise  everything  usually  kept  In  a  flrst-claes  establishment,  which 
he  offers  to  sell  at  the  lowest  cash  valne. 


J.  C.  MCKENZIE 

HAS  JUST  OPENED  A 

WHOLESALE  AND  )  (STAPLE    AND 

RETAIL  S  \  FANCY 

DRY  GOODS  DEPARTMENT. 


Having  selected  his  stock  with  a  view  of  meeting  the  exact  wants  of  bis  customers, 

can  ofi'er  extra  bargains.     Full  satisfaction  guaranteed  in 

each  and  every  department 

CALL  AND  SEE  HIS  MAMMOTH  ESTABLISHMENT, 

CORNER  BROAD  AND  EUFAULA  STREETS, 

EUFAULA,  ALA. 


Advertisements, 


'THE  FIRST  AND  OLDEST  IN  THE  CITY." 

^^J^J^JSJi  Wk^fw  f^An^A/i  WMiimw^f^imf^^ 

T.  Or.  Xj.  :^^-if^I^TI:2^T, 

REPRESENTS  THE  FOLLOWING  FIRST-CLASS  AND 
RELIABLE  COMPANIES. 

^TNA  FIRE  INS.    CO.,  of  Hartford,  Conn. 

HARTFORD  FIRE  INS.   CO.,  of  Hattford,  Conn. 
PHOENIX  FIRE  INS.  CO.,  of  Hartford,  Conn. 
QUEEN  FIRE  INS.  CO.,  of  England. 
NORTH  BRITISH  &  MERCANTILE,  of  England. 
'      EQUITABLE  FIRE  INS.  CO.,  of  Nashville,  Tenn. 
NORTH  AMERICA,  of  Philadelphia,  Penn. 


ST.  LOUIS  LIFE  INS.   CO.,  of  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

MOBILE  LIFE  INS.   CO.,  of  Mobile,  Ala. 


0£B.oe   oxx   ZSixfA-ulci,   filtx-oet, 

j  .  (North  end  of  Central  Hotel.) 

EUFAULA,  ALABAMA. 


VI 


Advertisements. 


ISAAC  STEURMAN, 

THE  CLOTHIEE 


THE  LARGEST  CLOTHING  ESTABLISHMENT 
IN  THE  SOUTH. 


gm,®T'MaM©/ 


TO  SUIT  AND  FIT 

THE  MEN,THE  YOUTHS,  AND  THE  BOYS 

A^  1b®W  peiote 

All  goods  gtiaranteed.    The  \ao%\.  fashionable  goods  made  up  to 

order  from  an  immense  stock  of  piece  goods 

imp07'ted  direct  from  European 

manufacturers. 

THE  LARGEST  STOCK  OF  GENTS'  FURNISHING  GOODS. 

FASHIONABLE   HATS. 
Give  me  a  call — you  will  be  well  treated.     Respectfully, 

ISAAC  STEURMAN,  The  Clothier. 


Advertisements.  vii 


WM.  A.  HANCOCK, 


-^  DEALER  IN 


FAMILY  GROCERIES 


ANB 


FLOUR  i  BUCKWHEAT 

BUTTER, 

CHEESE, 

POTATOES, 

ONIONS, 

MEAL, 

HAMS  AND  BACON, 


&c.,  &c.,  &c. 

STORE  ON  SOUTH  SIDE  BROAD  STREET, 

SUCCESSOR  TO  ANDEEW  McKENZIE. 

t^-THE  OLDEST  GROCERY  HOUSE  IN  THE  CITY..^^ 


viii  Advertisements. 


CORNER  EUFAtJLA  ^^  BROAD  STREETS, 

EUFAULA,  ALA. 

'^  HE  undersigned  would  respectfully  announce  to  their 
'^  friejids  and  the  Traveling  Public  that  they  have  fitted  up 
the  above  named  House  neatly  and  comfortably,  and  propose 
keeping  it  in  a  style  worthy  the  patronage  of  all. 

Our  location  is  more  convenient  for  Commercial  Travelers 
than  any  House  in  the  city,  being  near  the  Business  Houses, 
Telegraph  Office.,  Post  Office,  and  Express  Office. 

Our  Porters  and  Waiters  are  polite  and  respectful,  and 
will  be  in  attendance  at  Depots  on  the  arrival  of  each  train, 
and  when  checks  and  baggage  are  placed  in  their  charge,  we 
assume  the  responsibility  of  safe  delivery. 


PASSENGERS  TRANSFERRED 

FROM  DEPOTS  AND  STEAMBOATS 

C^FREE  OF  CHARGE. 


Give  us  a  trial,  as  zve  are  confident  of  pleasing  all  who  favor 
us  with  a  call.      Very  respectfully, 

PHOPBIETOBSi 


Adi  'ertisemcnls. 


IX 


.     MANUFACTURER  OF 

famages,  iujjies,  Pajons,  faddles,  iridles, 

ETC.,  ETC.,  ETC. 

VEHICLES,  SADDLES  I HAPJESS  EEPAIEED 

"WITH  STYLE  AND  AT  LIVING  PRICES. 

?_^p~ALSO,  DEALER  1N  = 


OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION, 

HARNESS  &  SADDLE  MATERIAL, 


SEWING  MACHINES, 

lETALIC^^ROSEWOOD  BURIAL  CASES, 


AND 


AGENT  FOR  THE  CELEBRATED  BROWN  &  HULL'S 


X 


Advertisements. 


SOUTH  SIDE  BROAD  STREET, 

OPERA  HOUSE  BUILDING. 


Fire -Proof  Storage. 


THE  UNDERSIGNED  ARE  PREPARED  AT  ALL 
TIMES  TO  MAKE 

ON  COTTON  CONSIGNED  TO  THEM,  AND  ALSO  ON 

SHIPMENTS  TO  LIVERPOOL,  NEW  YORK, 

BOSTON,  SAVANNAH,  &  MOBILE. 


A  full  Supply  qI  Balling  Stif&  aai  Iron  Ties 

OF  THE  VERY  BEST  MATERIAL  AND 
MOST  APPROVED  PATTERNS. 


Pall  lEas&ei  Fslee  W^M  fei  ^ell®a< 


u^-  -ii.-  Co-CLxic- 


Advertisements. 


XI 


THORNTON  &  LOCKE, 

OP  THE  NORTH  SIDE  OF  BROAD  STREET, 

EUFAULA,  ALA. 

HAVE  CONSTANTLY  ON  HAND 

A  LARGE  AND  WELL-SELECTED 


STOCK  OF 


mmi  mim, 


iS!l«il 


CONSISTING  IN  PABT  OF 


mw 


mm 


SUCH  AS 

-hOSnaburgs,  shirtings  and  sheetings, -»^ 

-f  brown  and  bleached  stripes, 4- 

-i-  cottonades,  calicoes,-}- 

-1- brown  linens,-)- 

&C.;— ALSO, 

A  LABBE  mO€M&FMQmm  MMQEB 

TO  SUIT  ALL  CLASSES  IN  QUALITY  AND  PiaCE. 

ALSO, 
BOTH  LADIES'  AND  GENTLEMEN'S  IN  ENDLESS  VARIETY. 

HARDWARE,  CUTLERY  AND  CROCKERY. 

O-IESOCEIISIEIS 

BACON,  LARD,  FLOUR,  SYRUP,  SUGAR,  COFFEE, 
SALT,  SOAP,  &C. 

c::^  POVrDER   AJXTi   SHOT.   «ScC.  '-z::^ 


JJ^^We  respectfully  invite  you  to  call  and  see  us. 
4 


Xll 


Advertisements. 


A.  A.  RALEIGH  &  SON, 


DEALERS  IN 


mws  ©'®®®g 


AND 


^1^ 


^sssi^smiA^sfflii^^ 


CLOTHING 


:^  No.  2  HART'S  BLOCK, 


Advertisements.  xiii 


/k\M 


VEGETABLE  LIVEE  PILLS. 


THIS  IS  NO  PATENT  MEDICINE.— The  Pills  are  care- 
fully compounded  in  strict  accordance  with  a  recipe  used 
by  many  of  our  eldest  and  best  Southern  Physicians.  Those 
who  practice  medicine  here  are  best  acquainted  with  the  vari- 
ous types  and  phases  of  disease  in  this  latitude,  and  conse- 
quently know  best  what  our  sick  people  require.  These  Pills 
are  used  with  the  most  splendid  effect  in  all  sorts  of 


where  a  safe  and  gentle  laxative  or  purgative  is  required,  and 
as  a  remedy  in 

they  cannot  be  surpassed.    They  do  not  cause  griping  or  piles, 

and  will  not  leave  you  constipated,  as  most 

purgative  medicines  do. 

ARE  READILY  CURED  BY  THESE  PILLS. 

Remember  also  that  the   FARMERS    FEVER  PILLS   sur- 
pass all  others  tor  Chills  and  Fevers,  and  that 

geireapafllla  Billeire 

IS  THE  MOST  SATISFACTORY  BLOOD -PURIFIEU  KNOWN 

MANUFACTURED  BY 

T77"E]E]ID03Sr  <2z  'JD':En<T^^ 

WHOLESALE  &  RETAIL  DDUGGIST8, 
EUFAULA,  ALA. 


XIV 


Advertisements. 


S.  WAXELBAUM  &  CO, 


WHOLESALE  k  RETAIL  DEALERS  IN 


^ 


^  j^O^  j^fi^  fiOfc.  L^^ 


GENTS'  FUMISHIM  GOODS. 


CARPETS  k  OIL  CLOTHS, 


KEEP  CONSTANTLY  ON  HAND 


A  Full  Stock  and  Sell  Chsap  for  Cash< 


WE  OFFER  GOODS  AS  CHEAP 

AS  CAN  BE  BOUGHT  IN  MONTGOMERY  OR  MACON. 


AND  ARE  DETERMINED  NOT  TO  BE  UNDERSaLD 
BY  ANY  ONE. 

NORTH  SIDE  BROAD  STREET, 

Enfanla,  Jlla. 


Advertisements. 


XV 


JAMES  H.  G.  MARTIN, 


DEALER  IK 


f\W 


^^\ 


IN  THE  OPERA  HOUSE  BUILDING, 
BROAD  STREET,  EUFAULA,  ALA. 


MT&€EAElL  mew%  FMEMM, 

AND  WILL  BE  RENEWED  FROM  TIME  TO  TIME 

WITH  THE  LATEST  STYLES  AND 

MOST  FASHIONABLE 

GOODS. 

THE  GROCERY  DEPARTMEHT 

WILL  CONTAIN 

THE  BEST  AND  FRESHEST  IN  MARKET. 


CALL  I  EXAMIITE  EOR  TOURSELYES. 

NO  TROUBLE  TO  SHOW  GOODS. 

POLITE  AND  ATTENTIVE  SALESMEN  „«r 
ALWAYS  IN  ATTENDANCE 


xvi  Advertisetnenfs. 


J.  M.  BUFORD,  A.  V.  LEE, 

Eu/auiH,  Ala.  Clayton,  Ala. 


BUFORD  &  LEE, 


Will  practice  in  the  Courts  of  Southeast  Alabama^ 

iti  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State,  and 

in  the  United  States  Courts. 


-*■  DEALER*  IN  -^ 


ST.A.i^i_iE  ym  iFj^nsroY 


GEOCEEIES 


NORTH  SIDE BROAD  STREET — NORTH  SIDE 


EWFAWLAt  JU. 


Advertisements.  xvii 


GABE  STERN'S 


LADIES'  UNDERWEAR,    COLLARS  AND  CUFFS, 
RUFFLINGS,  CORSETS, 

HOSIERY,  TRIMMINGS, 
LADIES'  READY-MADE  SUITS, 

ALL  THE  LATEST  STYLE   JJj^f  g  FOU  LADIES   CONSTANTLY  ON  HAND. 

"  3is^iiL.iL.i2Nr:H]::Ee-:r," 

EMBROIDERIES.     EMBROIDERIES.    EMBBOIDERIES. 
SATISFACTION  GUARANTEED. 

i^^"  No  trouble  to  show  Goods.  Sales-ladies  always  in  attendance. 

<3- A'FiE    SXEieiT. 

ROWLET  &  LABATUT, 

t_^=i  DEALERS  IN  ^=^_> 

GROCERIES  AND  DRY  GOODS, 

AND  

GENERAL  COMMISSION  MERCHANTS. 

FISH  AND  OYSTERS  A  SPECIALTY. 

A  SPLENDID  RESTAURANT 

HAS  BEEN  FITTED  UP  OVER  THEIR  STORE, 

WHERE    MEALS    CAN    BE    HAD    AT    ALL    HOURS, 

DAY  AND  NIGHT. 

The  Choicest  Delicacies  of  the  Season  always  on  hatid. 


XVlll 


Advertisements. 


W.  O.  GATES. 


S.  H.  DENT. 


GATES  &  DENT, 

CIRCUIT  OF  PRACTICE:    HENRY,  DALE,  BARBOUR 

AND  BULLOCK  COUNTIES  IN  ALABAMA, 

UNITED  STATES  DISTRICT  COURTS  AND  CIRCUIT 

AT  MONTGOACERY, 

SUPREME  COURT  OF  ALABAMA ;   ALSO,  IN 

SOUTHWESTERN  GEORGIA. 


'  Smmonses  executed  twenty  days  before  Court.  Judgment  first 
Term,  if  no  defense.  When  claims  are  sent  for  collection,  give  full 
name  of  each  owner  of  debt  or  member  of  partnership;  and  if  an 
Account,  the  name  of  a  witness  to  prove  it. 


M.  B.  WELLBORN, 


!Wir>awjL^, 


Advertisemejits.  xix 


SAMUEL  W.  GOODE, 

ATTOMIfE¥  AT  IL/AW 

«-^=^  AND   :==^-J> 

EUFAULA,   ALABAMA. 

WILL    PRACTICE    IN    THE    STATE   AND    FEDERAL 

COURTS  OF  ALABAMA,  IN  THE  COURTS 

OF  SOUTHWESTERN  GEORGIA, 

— AND — 

ELSEWHERE  BY  SPECIAL  CONTRACT. 

Prompt  attention  paid  to  collections  in  Alabama  and  Georgia.    Will  investigate  Land 
Titles  whenever  requested. 

E.  S.  SHORTER.  H.  R.  SHORTER. 

SHORTER  &  BROTHER, 


EUFAULA,  ALA. 

PRACTICE  IN  ALL  THE  STATE  AND  UNITED  STATES 
COURTS  FOR  ALABAMA. 


XX      ^   y  -^i/  -,    ', Advertisements U^L^K.    /^ /■  t  \      C     ^ 


^^J.  E.  SINGER,^) 

WHOLESALE  AND  RETAIL 

^G-EOCEE, 

SOUTH  SIDE  OF  BROAD  STREET, 

JJuF/iULA,  ^I.A. 

GEORGE  SIKGER.  JOE  E.  SERGER. 

GEORGE  SINGER  &  CO. 
WHOLESALE    AND    RETAIL    DEALERS 


,.'  i 


y 


9 


IN 


AND  ALL  KINDS  OF 

LEATHER  AND  SHOE  FINDINGS, 
NEXT  DOORTO  J.E.SiNGER'S  GROCERY  STORE 

EUFAULA,  ALA. 


Advertisements. 


XXI 


W^4^  c 


MAWUFACTURKE  A  DKALEB  IN 


CARRIAGES,BlIGGIES,WAGONS 


AND 


HARNESS  OF  ALL  DESCRIPTIONS 

SOUTH  SIDE  BROAD  STREET,  OPPOSITE  COMMERCIAL  HOTEL, 


W--    REPAIRING  OF  ALL  KINDS  DONE  PROMPTLY. 


EWFAWEd,  Alt  A, 


IP 

^0     4^ 


W. 


FASHIONABLE 


Vw 


C3^    S-^I-.002Sr   ''So 
IN  THE  COMMERCIAL  HOTEL, 


-AL80- 


WORKER  IN  HAIR,  MANUFACTURER  OF  WIGS, 
TOUPEES,  AND  SWITCHES, 


f^jjf/^jJh^  f^yf^. 


xxii  Advertisements. 


ROBERT  J.  WOODS, 


WHOLESALE  DEALER  IN 


Bwrnim,  Bmmm,  LmM,  FMmw, 

BAGGING  AND  TIES, 

NEW  VERANDAH  BUILDING,  80.  SIDE  BROAD  ST., 

EUPAULA,  ALA. 

BENJAMIN  MORRIS, 

NO.  6  HAET'8  BLOCK, 

BIMIB II  STAFIil  MS  f  AIQf  Wt 

BOOTS,  SHOES,  HATS,  NOTIONS, 

ALSO 


West  side  of  Eufaula  Street,    EUFAULA,  ALA. 


Advertisements.  xxi'ii 


HENRY  W.  BATTLE, 

AND 

(aS>SOLICITOR  IN  CHANCERY,^SO 

EUFAULA,  ALA. 

Thorough  and  immediate  attention  given  to  all  matters  committed  to 
his  charge.    Collections  promptly  made. 

A.  H.  MERRILL, 

EUFAULA,  ALA. ' 

Will  practice  in  the  Counties  of  Pike,  Coffee,  Dale,  Henry,  Bullock  and 

Barbour ;  in  the  Supreme  Court  of  Alabama,  and  the 

United  States  Court  at  Montgomery. 

.^^.  G^L.  COMER,  .^^ 

EUFAULA,  ALABAMA. 

Will  practice  in  all  the  Courts  of  Southeast  Alabama  and  Southwest 

Georgia,  in  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State,  and 

in  the  United  States  Courts. 

ES^  Special  attention  given  to  Collecting  and  Secuzing  Claims...^ 

ALEX.  B.  FIELD, 

WAS  ADMITTED  TO  THE  BAR  JUNE  17th,  1872, 

AND  HAS  HIS  OFFICE  WITH  B.  B.  FIKLDB, 

Next  doof  to  Messrs.  Bray  &  Brothet's  Hardware  Store, 
RANDOLPH  STREET. 


xxiv  Advertisements. 


JOHN  D.  ROQUEMORE, 
EUFAULA,  ALA. 

Practices  in  all  the  State  and  Federal  Courts  of  Alabama. 

A.  H.  LEFTWICH, 

OFFICE:  ''CITY  WAREHOUSE," 

OPERA  HOUSE  BUILDING, 
SXTFAXTZ.A,  ATj,AlBATa.A,. 

JAS.  T.  ROBERTSON, 

iUMQlON  BENTIiT 

WILL  PRACTICE  WITH 

All  the  Latest  Improvements  known  to  Science* 

ETJFATJIL.A.    ALA, 

^  D.  M.  SEALS, 

A^^T©KHEY  AT^  I.AW" 

G^  EUFAULA,  ALABAMA.^^:> 

PRACTICES  IN  ALL  THE  STATE  AND  UNITED  STATES 
COURTS  FOR  ALABAMA. 


Advertisements, 


XXV 


^1 

WHOLESALE  &  RETAIL  DKALER  IN 


]^:0il:^mj   511 


ei 


ifi  ii 


*  iia|pr'*" 


WLNISI    TOILET    J\.I?,TICLES, 

PURE   LIQUORS   FOR   MEDICINAL    USE, 

BSST  KEROSENS  OII«  AND  X.A.aaPS, 

THE  FIHSST  CIQARS,  TOBACCOS  AHD  SSUFFS, 

AND  EVERYTHING  ELSE  IN  THE  DRUG  LINE,  OF  SUPERIOR   QUALITY 
AND  AT  PRICES  AS  LOW  AS  THE  LOWEST. 

MANUFACTUHBE  &  PKOPRIETOR  OP 

Bessoris  Famous  Chill  Pills — warranted  to  cure  ! 
McDonald' s  Celebrated  Eye  Water! 

Abbott's  Celebrated  Liver  Medicine, 

'  'Belle  "  Cologne,  the  Ladies^  Favorite  ! 
Excelsior  Baking  Powder,  &c. 


Slore,Hortli  Side  ofBroai  Slreet,Slp  of  tie  (joWen  Eagle  I  Mortar 

FhjSiQimm^"  Fr§mripii&m&  accurately  and  promptly 
cotnpounded,  either  by  the  Proprietor  or  an  equally  experienced 
Pharmaceutist,  the  best  materials  only  being  employed,  and  at 

unusually  low  prices. 

^  >  ■< 

E^  Customers  treated  with  courtesy  and  attention,  and  satisfaction 
guaranteed  in  every  particular.    Favors  respectfully  solicited. 


xxvi  Advertisements. 

JOHN  M^NAB, 

CORNER  BROAD  AND  RANDOLPH  STREETS, 

BUYS   AND  SELLS    EXCHANGE  ON  ALL  THE 

PRINCIPAL  CITIES  OF  THE  UNITED 

STATES,  AND  ALSO  ON 

LIVERPOOL 

AND  OTHER  FOREIGN  COUNTRIES. 


*  ♦  ♦ 


Receives  Deposits,  and  Transacts  all  kinds  of  Busi- 
ness Customary  in  all  Regular  Banking  Houses, 


»•* 


ATTENDS  TO  COLLECTIONS,  AND  REMITTANCES 
MADE  WITH  PROMPTNESS. 

ALSO  

MAKES  ADVANCES  ON  COTTON  SHIPMENTS  TO  ALL 
PARTS  OF  THE  WORLD. 

OS^  §WMMEMFBMBMMm  ^SO 

National  Bank  of  the  Republic New  York 

Hopkins,  Dwight  &  Co New  York 

Brown,  Brothers  «fe  Co New  York 

Brown,  Shipley  &  Co Liverpool 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 

Los  Angeles 
This  book  is  DUE  on  the  last  date  stamped  below. 


MAY  1  n  195S 


«  E  C  E  J  \ 

MAIN  LOAN  DESK 

N0V10l9r4 


R&'D  tD-ORC 


Form  L9-42m^8,'49  (65573)444 


THE  LIBRAI?.Y 

LOS  ANGELES 


UC  SOUTHERN  REGIONAL  LIBRARY  FACILITY 


